Effect of Cultural Intelligence (CI) on Patient Care Services in Private Hospitals at Muscat Governorate



Abstract Views
582

Downloads
415

Citations

Share

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

Submitted Feb 2, 2022
Published Feb 26, 2022
10.24018/ejbmr.2022.7.1.1295

Abstract viewed = 582 times

Table of Contents

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

The increasing need for medical care has led to demand for private medical institutions which offer more personalized care. Most of the patients have grown to prefer private medical attention as compared to public medical care due to the better services offered. Nurses interact with patients on a daily basis who are from different cultural backgrounds which makes it essential for them to understand various cultures to be able to interact and effectively serve all the patients visiting the hospital. Private hospitals in Oman receive patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. In this research, an attempt was made to find out the level of Cultural intelligence in various dimensions and to examine the effect of nurses’ cultural intelligence (CI) on patient care services in private hospitals at Muscat governorate. Hence, nurses from Muscat governorate private hospitals were the study's respondents. The data was analysed using the Quartile method, Chi-square, and multiple regression analysis. This research found that the nurses have high level of cultural intelligence in cognitive and meta-cognitive dimensions. On the other hand, majority of the respondents had low level of behavioural dimension of cultural intelligence. And there is no significant relationship between demographic details and the level of cultural intelligence. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated a significant relation between nurse’s cultural intelligence in various dimensions and patient care services.

Keywords: Behavioral dimension, Cognitive dimension, Metacognitive dimension, Motivational dimension

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Afsar, B., Shahjehan, A., Shah, S.I. and Wajid, A., (2019). The mediating role of transformational leadership in the relationship between cultural intelligence and employee voice behavior: A case of hotel employees. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 69, pp.66-75.
     Google Scholar
  2. Ahmed, W., & Bilal, A. (2017). The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Job Satisfaction and Performance in the Healthcare Sector of Pakistan.
     Google Scholar
  3. Al-Busaidi, I. S., Al Suleimani, S. Z., Dupo, J. U., Al Sulaimi, N. K., & Nair, V. G. (2019). Nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and implementation of evidence-based practice in Oman: A multi-institutional, cross-sectional study. Oman medical journal, 34(6), 521.
     Google Scholar
  4. Al Harthy, S. N., Tuppal, C. P., Ana, A. E. S., Reynecke, J., Al Husami, I., & Al Rubaiey, A. (2018). Interprofessional competency framework for health service managers in Oman: an e-Delphi study. Oman medical journal, 33(6), 486.
     Google Scholar
  5. Al-Hawary, S. I., & Banat, N. A. (2017). Impact of motivation on job performance of nursing staff in private hospitals in Jordan. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 7(2), 54-63.
     Google Scholar
  6. Al Maqbali, M. R., Al Omari, O., Slimane, S. B. A., & Balushi, N. A. (2019). The nursing profession in Oman: An overview. Nursing science quarterly, 32(4), 322-325. (Al Maqbali et al., 2019)
     Google Scholar
  7. AlRaisi, M. Y., AlRawahi, B. S., AlOmrani, N. H., AlHooti, N. K., & Porkodi, S. (2019). The Effect of Cultural Diversity on Employees’ Performance and Productivity in Shell Oman Marketing Company S. A. O. G. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Publications, 1(9), 14–17.
     Google Scholar
  8. Al Sabei, S. D., AbuAlRub, R., Labrague, L. J., Ali Burney, I., & Al‐Rawajfah, O. (2021, August). The impact of perceived nurses' work environment, teamness, and staffing levels on nurse‐reported adverse patient events in Oman. In Nursing Forum.
     Google Scholar
  9. Al Salmi, I., & Hannawi, S. (2018). Health workforce in the Sultanate of Oman: improving performance and the health system. J Int Med Pat Care, 1(1), 6.
     Google Scholar
  10. AlUbaidi, A., AlLawati, J., AlZadjali, S., AlBalushi, M., & Porkodi, S. (2020). Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Job Performance of Paramedical Employee’s in Public Vs Private Hospitals: A Comparison. American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Development (AJMRD), 2(10), 38-45.
     Google Scholar
  11. Ang S., & Van Dyne L. (2006) The Impact of Metacognitive, Cognitive and Motivational Cultural Intelligence on Behavioral Cultural Intelligence. International Business & Economics Research Journal-Third Quarter Volume 16, Number 2.
     Google Scholar
  12. Australian industry and skills committee (2020). Ambulance and paramedic. Retrieved on February 8, 2020 from: https://nationalindustryinsights.aisc.net.au/industries/health/ambulance-and-paramedic.
     Google Scholar
  13. Barzykowski, K., Majda, A., Szkup, M. and Przyłęcki, P. (2019). The Polish version of the Cultural Intelligence Scale: Assessment of its reliability and validity among healthcare professionals and medical faculty students. PloS one, 14(11), p.e0225240.
     Google Scholar
  14. Bilal, A &. Ahmed, W., (2017). The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Job Satisfaction and Performance in the Healthcare Sector of Pakistan. Retrieved on January 29, 2020 from http://www.qurtuba.edu.pk/jms/default_files/JMS/12_4/09.pdf [7].
     Google Scholar
  15. Brant, J. M., Al-Zadjali, M., Al-Sinawi, F., Mushani, T., Maloney-Newton, S., Berger, A. M., & Fink, R. (2021). Palliative Care Nursing Development in the Middle East and Northeast Africa: Lessons from Oman. Journal of Cancer Education, 1-9.
     Google Scholar
  16. Caputo, A., Ayoko, O. B., Amoo, N., & Menke, C. (2019). The relationship between cultural values, cultural intelligence and negotiation styles. Journal of Business Research, 99, 23-36.
     Google Scholar
  17. Charoensukmongkol, P., & Pandey, A. (2020). The influence of cultural intelligence on sales self-efficacy and cross-cultural sales presentations: does it matter for highly challenge-oriented salespeople? Management Research Review. (Charoensukmongkol et al., 2020)
     Google Scholar
  18. EMRO, (2010). Health system profile Oman. Retrieved on October 22nd, 2021 from:
     Google Scholar
  19. https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s17304e/s17304e.pdf
     Google Scholar
  20. Fata, L., Zabihi Zazoly, A., Gholami, M. and Hazrati, H., 2017. Role of cultural intelligence and job satisfaction in predicting organizational commitment of nurses: A case study. Health_ Based Research, 3(1).
     Google Scholar
  21. Gabel-Shemueli, R., Westman, M., Chen, S. and Bahamonde, D., (2019). Does cultural intelligence increase work engagement? The role of idiocentrism-allocentrism and organizational culture in MNCs. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management.
     Google Scholar
  22. Göl, İ., & Erkin, Ö. (2019). Association between cultural intelligence and cultural sensitivity in nursing students: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Collegian, 26(4), 485-491.
     Google Scholar
  23. Hughes, M., 2018. Cultural safety requires' cultural intelligence'. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 24(6), pp.24-25.
     Google Scholar
  24. Jiang, Z., Le, H., & Gollan, P. J. (2018). Cultural intelligence and voice behavior among migrant workers: the mediating role of leader–member exchange. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(5), 1082-1112.
     Google Scholar
  25. Maestri, E. Healthcare in Oman Between Past and Present Achievements, Human Security and the COVID–19 Pandemic. Euras Journal of Social Sciences, 77.
     Google Scholar
  26. Mcombes, S., (2019) Descriptive research. Retrieved on February 19, 2020 from: http://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research.
     Google Scholar
  27. NCSI Monthly Report. (2021 September). Monthly statistical bulletin. Retrieved October 20th, 2021, from: https://www.ncsi.gov.om/Elibrary/LibraryContentDoc/bar_bar_bar_September%2020203_4599e1fa-d34b-4d63-b42e-47aa18f97476.pdf.
     Google Scholar
  28. NCSI, (2020). Statistics: Publications of National Center for Statistics Information, Issue.49. Retrieved Oct 25, 2021, from https://www.ncsi.gov.om/Elibrary/ LibraryContentDoc/bar_2021_6e177972-7c32-434d-8258-f12c2643961e.pdf.
     Google Scholar
  29. Porkodi, S., & Haque, A. (2012). Human Resource Issues: Special Emphasis on Maintenance and Retention of Paramedic Employees In Private Hospitals. Journal of Organisation and Human Behaviour 1 (2), 19-31.
     Google Scholar
  30. Rahimaghaee, F., & Mozdbar, R. (2017). Cultural intelligence and its relation with professional competency in nurses. Nursing Practice Today, 4(3), 115-124.
     Google Scholar
  31. Rahman, M. H., Majumder, S. C., & Rana, M. (2020). The Reasons Behind the Shift of Patients from Public to Private Hospitals: Evidence from Public Hospitals in Cumilla City Corporation. Int J Pub Policy Admin Res, 7(2), 69-78.
     Google Scholar
  32. Redha, A., & Taqi, Z. (2017). An investigation into social media use effect on patient’s satisfaction in private hospitals in Oman (Doctoral dissertation, Cardiff Metropolitan University).
     Google Scholar
  33. Shaibany, S. (2016), Why is Oman a haven of cultural integration? Times of Oman. Available from: https://timesofoman.com/article/84831. [Accessed on:21/10/2021].
     Google Scholar
  34. Shomoossi, N., Asor, A.A., Kooshan, M. and Rad, M., 2019. Interculturality and cultural intelligence in an academic context: A report from university staff interacting with nursing students. Journal of education and health promotion, 8.
     Google Scholar
  35. Sohal, A., de Vass, T., Singh, P., Al Balushi, S., Al Hajri, A. S., Al Farsi, Y., & Al Arbi, R. (2021). Assessing readiness for lean thinking in healthcare settings: the case for Oman. Industrial Management & Data Systems.
     Google Scholar
  36. Steyn, R., & Solomon, A. (2017). Cultural intelligence: Concepts and definition statements. South African Journal of Business Management, 48(2), 67-74.
     Google Scholar
  37. Williams, J. (2017). Women vs feminism: Why we all need liberating from the gender wars. Emerald Publishing.
     Google Scholar
  38. Ziada, K. E., van der Linden, D., Dutton, E., Almalki, N. S., Bakhiet, S. F. A., Ihsan, Z., Furnham, A., Essa, Y. A. S., Alqafari, S. M., Alsahli, D. S., & Aljbr, A. S. R. (2021). Sex and Culture Differences in Cultural Intelligence: A Study Comparing Saudi Arabians and Egyptians. SAGE Open, 11(3).
     Google Scholar
  39. Afsar, B., Shahjehan, A., Shah, S.I. and Wajid, A., (2019). The mediating role of transformational leadership in the relationship between cultural intelligence and employee voice behavior: A case of hotel employees. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 69, pp.66-75.
     Google Scholar
  40. Ahmed, W., & Bilal, A. (2017). The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Job Satisfaction and Performance in the Healthcare Sector of Pakistan.
     Google Scholar
  41. Al-Busaidi, I. S., Al Suleimani, S. Z., Dupo, J. U., Al Sulaimi, N. K., & Nair, V. G. (2019). Nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and implementation of evidence-based practice in Oman: A multi-institutional, cross-sectional study. Oman medical journal, 34(6), 521.
     Google Scholar
  42. Al Harthy, S. N., Tuppal, C. P., Ana, A. E. S., Reynecke, J., Al Husami, I., & Al Rubaiey, A. (2018). Interprofessional competency framework for health service managers in Oman: an e-Delphi study. Oman medical journal, 33(6), 486.
     Google Scholar
  43. Al-Hawary, S. I., & Banat, N. A. (2017). Impact of motivation on job performance of nursing staff in private hospitals in Jordan. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 7(2), 54-63.
     Google Scholar
  44. Al Maqbali, M. R., Al Omari, O., Slimane, S. B. A., & Balushi, N. A. (2019). The nursing profession in Oman: An overview. Nursing science quarterly, 32(4), 322-325. (Al Maqbali et al., 2019)
     Google Scholar
  45. AlRaisi, M. Y., AlRawahi, B. S., AlOmrani, N. H., AlHooti, N. K., & Porkodi, S. (2019). The Effect of Cultural Diversity on Employees’ Performance and Productivity in Shell Oman Marketing Company S. A. O. G. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Publications, 1(9), 14–17.
     Google Scholar
  46. Al Sabei, S. D., AbuAlRub, R., Labrague, L. J., Ali Burney, I., & Al‐Rawajfah, O. (2021, August). The impact of perceived nurses' work environment, teamness, and staffing levels on nurse‐reported adverse patient events in Oman. In Nursing Forum.
     Google Scholar
  47. Al Salmi, I., & Hannawi, S. (2018). Health workforce in the Sultanate of Oman: improving performance and the health system. J Int Med Pat Care, 1(1), 6.
     Google Scholar
  48. AlUbaidi, A., AlLawati, J., AlZadjali, S., AlBalushi, M., & Porkodi, S. (2020). Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Job Performance of Paramedical Employee’s in Public Vs Private Hospitals: A Comparison. American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Development (AJMRD), 2(10), 38-45.
     Google Scholar
  49. Ang S., & Van Dyne L. (2006) The Impact of Metacognitive, Cognitive and Motivational Cultural Intelligence on Behavioral Cultural Intelligence. International Business & Economics Research Journal-Third Quarter Volume 16, Number 2.
     Google Scholar
  50. Australian industry and skills committee (2020). Ambulance and paramedic. Retrieved on February 8, 2020 from: https://nationalindustryinsights.aisc.net.au/industries/health/ambulance-and-paramedic.
     Google Scholar
  51. Barzykowski, K., Majda, A., Szkup, M. and Przyłęcki, P. (2019). The Polish version of the Cultural Intelligence Scale: Assessment of its reliability and validity among healthcare professionals and medical faculty students. PloS one, 14(11), p.e0225240.
     Google Scholar
  52. Bilal, A &. Ahmed, W., (2017). The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Job Satisfaction and Performance in the Healthcare Sector of Pakistan. Retrieved on January 29, 2020 from http://www.qurtuba.edu.pk/jms/default_files/JMS/12_4/09.pdf [7].
     Google Scholar
  53. Brant, J. M., Al-Zadjali, M., Al-Sinawi, F., Mushani, T., Maloney-Newton, S., Berger, A. M., & Fink, R. (2021). Palliative Care Nursing Development in the Middle East and Northeast Africa: Lessons from Oman. Journal of Cancer Education, 1-9.
     Google Scholar
  54. Caputo, A., Ayoko, O. B., Amoo, N., & Menke, C. (2019). The relationship between cultural values, cultural intelligence and negotiation styles. Journal of Business Research, 99, 23-36.
     Google Scholar
  55. Charoensukmongkol, P., & Pandey, A. (2020). The influence of cultural intelligence on sales self-efficacy and cross-cultural sales presentations: does it matter for highly challenge-oriented salespeople? Management Research Review. (Charoensukmongkol et al., 2020)
     Google Scholar
  56. EMRO, (2010). Health system profile Oman. Retrieved on October 22nd, 2021 from:
     Google Scholar
  57. https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s17304e/s17304e.pdf
     Google Scholar
  58. Fata, L., Zabihi Zazoly, A., Gholami, M. and Hazrati, H., 2017. Role of cultural intelligence and job satisfaction in predicting organizational commitment of nurses: A case study. Health_ Based Research, 3(1).
     Google Scholar
  59. Gabel-Shemueli, R., Westman, M., Chen, S. and Bahamonde, D., (2019). Does cultural intelligence increase work engagement? The role of idiocentrism-allocentrism and organizational culture in MNCs. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management.
     Google Scholar
  60. Göl, İ., & Erkin, Ö. (2019). Association between cultural intelligence and cultural sensitivity in nursing students: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Collegian, 26(4), 485-491.
     Google Scholar
  61. Hughes, M., 2018. Cultural safety requires' cultural intelligence'. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 24(6), pp.24-25.
     Google Scholar
  62. Jiang, Z., Le, H., & Gollan, P. J. (2018). Cultural intelligence and voice behavior among migrant workers: the mediating role of leader–member exchange. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(5), 1082-1112.
     Google Scholar
  63. Maestri, E. Healthcare in Oman Between Past and Present Achievements, Human Security and the COVID–19 Pandemic. Euras Journal of Social Sciences, 77.
     Google Scholar
  64. Mcombes, S., (2019) Descriptive research. Retrieved on February 19, 2020 from: http://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research.
     Google Scholar
  65. NCSI Monthly Report. (2021 September). Monthly statistical bulletin. Retrieved October 20th, 2021, from: https://www.ncsi.gov.om/Elibrary/LibraryContentDoc/bar_bar_bar_September%2020203_4599e1fa-d34b-4d63-b42e-47aa18f97476.pdf.
     Google Scholar
  66. NCSI, (2020). Statistics: Publications of National Center for Statistics Information, Issue.49. Retrieved Oct 25, 2021, from https://www.ncsi.gov.om/Elibrary/ LibraryContentDoc/bar_2021_6e177972-7c32-434d-8258-f12c2643961e.pdf.
     Google Scholar
  67. Porkodi, S., & Haque, A. (2012). Human Resource Issues: Special Emphasis on Maintenance and Retention of Paramedic Employees In Private Hospitals. Journal of Organisation and Human Behaviour 1 (2), 19-31.
     Google Scholar
  68. Rahimaghaee, F., & Mozdbar, R. (2017). Cultural intelligence and its relation with professional competency in nurses. Nursing Practice Today, 4(3), 115-124.
     Google Scholar
  69. Rahman, M. H., Majumder, S. C., & Rana, M. (2020). The Reasons Behind the Shift of Patients from Public to Private Hospitals: Evidence from Public Hospitals in Cumilla City Corporation. Int J Pub Policy Admin Res, 7(2), 69-78.
     Google Scholar
  70. Redha, A., & Taqi, Z. (2017). An investigation into social media use effect on patient’s satisfaction in private hospitals in Oman (Doctoral dissertation, Cardiff Metropolitan University).
     Google Scholar
  71. Shaibany, S. (2016), Why is Oman a haven of cultural integration? Times of Oman. Available from: https://timesofoman.com/article/84831. [Accessed on:21/10/2021].
     Google Scholar
  72. Shomoossi, N., Asor, A.A., Kooshan, M. and Rad, M., 2019. Interculturality and cultural intelligence in an academic context: A report from university staff interacting with nursing students. Journal of education and health promotion, 8.
     Google Scholar
  73. Sohal, A., de Vass, T., Singh, P., Al Balushi, S., Al Hajri, A. S., Al Farsi, Y., & Al Arbi, R. (2021). Assessing readiness for lean thinking in healthcare settings: the case for Oman. Industrial Management & Data Systems.
     Google Scholar
  74. Steyn, R., & Solomon, A. (2017). Cultural intelligence: Concepts and definition statements. South African Journal of Business Management, 48(2), 67-74.
     Google Scholar
  75. Williams, J. (2017). Women vs feminism: Why we all need liberating from the gender wars. Emerald Publishing.
     Google Scholar
  76. Ziada, K. E., van der Linden, D., Dutton, E., Almalki, N. S., Bakhiet, S. F. A., Ihsan, Z., Furnham, A., Essa, Y. A. S., Alqafari, S. M., Alsahli, D. S., & Aljbr, A. S. R. (2021). Sex and Culture Differences in Cultural Intelligence: A Study Comparing Saudi Arabians and Egyptians. SAGE Open, 11(3).
     Google Scholar