IFRS Disclosures and Protection of Shareholders’ Interests in Nigerian Quoted Firms
Article Main Content
The protection of shareholders’ interests has attracted global attention following the corporate developments around the world necessitating disclosure and financial reporting regulations. A sample of 55 firms quoted on NSE was selected for the period of 2014-2018. The study adopted descriptive and inferential statistics. The regression results also show that IFRS disclosures have significant effect on the protection of shareholders’ interests in the selected listed firms in Nigeria at a 5 percent level of significance. The study concluded that there is inverse relationship between the protection of shareholder interests and IFRS disclosures; however, the IFRS disclosures have significant effects on the protection of shareholders in the Nigerian quoted firms. The study recommends that the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria should change its stance on IFRS from adoption to adaptation in order to allow for local accounting standards that reflect the Nigerian environments.
References
-
Leuz, C., & Wysocki, P. (2016). The economics of disclosure and financial reporting regulation: Evidence and suggestions for future research. Journal of Accounting Research, 54(2), 525-622.
Google Scholar
1
-
Elfeky, M. I. (2017). The extent of voluntary disclosure and its determinants in emerging markets: Evidence from Egypt. Journal of Finance and Data Science, 3(1–4), 45-59.
Google Scholar
2
-
Ayodele, T. D., & Afolabi, T. S. (2018). Corporate financial disclosure in Nigerian deposit money banks. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 5(2) 248-253.
Google Scholar
3
-
Krstic, N. (2014). Stakeholder management from the business perspective. Megatrend review, 11(2), 165–182.
Google Scholar
4
-
Perrini, F., & Tencati, A. (2006). Sustainability and stakeholder management: The need for new corporate performance evaluation and reporting systems. Business Strategy and the Environment, 15(5), 296-308.
Google Scholar
5
-
Post, J. E., Preston, L. E., & Sachs, S. (2002). Managing the extended enterprise: The new stakeholder view. California Management Review, 45(1), 6–28.
Google Scholar
6
-
Achugamonu, B. U., Olokoyo, F. O., Babajide, A. A., Owolabi, F., & Adetula, D. T. (2016). Adoption of international financial reporting standards and its implication on bank performance in Nigeria: A comparative approach. Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 21(S5), 1-20.
Google Scholar
7
-
Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria Act (2011).
Google Scholar
8
-
Okoye, P.V.C., Okoye, J.F.N., & Ezejiofor, R. A. (2014). Impact of the IFRS adoption on stock market movement in Nigerian corporate organization. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(9), 202-218.
Google Scholar
9
-
Archambault, J. J., & Archambault, M. E. (2003). A multinational test of determinants of corporate disclosure. Finanse, Rynki Finansowe, Ubezpieczenia, 74(2), 245-258.
Google Scholar
10
-
Oyerogba, E. O. (2014). Risk disclosure in the published financial statements and firm performance: Evidence from the Nigeria listed companies. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 5(8), 86-95.
Google Scholar
11
-
Avgouleas, E. (2009). The global financial crisis, behavioural finance and financial regulation: In search of a new orthodoxy. Journal of Corporate Law Studies, 9(1), 23-59.
Google Scholar
12
-
Zingales, L. (2004). The costs and benefits of financial market regulation. ECGI - Law Working Paper, 21, 1-57.
Google Scholar
13
-
Norman, W. (2004). What can the stakeholder theory learn from Enron? Ethics and Economics, 2(2), 1-12.
Google Scholar
14
-
Zingales, L. (2009), The future of securities regulation. Journal of Accounting Research, 47(2), 391-425.
Google Scholar
15
-
Adelusi, A. I., & Ibigbami, S. A. (2017). The international financial reporting standard (IFRS) adoption and the profitability of selected quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria. International Journal of Operational Research in Management, Social Sciences & Education, 3(2), 27-41.
Google Scholar
16
-
Akinleye, G. T. (2016). Effect of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) adoption on the performance of money deposit banks in Nigeria. European Journal of Business, Economics and Accountancy, 4(4), 487-95.
Google Scholar
17
-
Aseoluwa, A. C. N., & Jelil, A. A. (2017). IFRS adoption and performance of quoted consumer goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Archives of Business Research, 5(9), 128-138.
Google Scholar
18
-
Donwa, P. A., Mgbame, C. O., & Idemudia, N. G. (2015). Effect of IFRS on accounting ratios in Nigeria oil and gas companies (A Comparative Analysis). Journal of Accounting and Financial Management, 1(8), 67-76.
Google Scholar
19
-
Edogbanya, A., & Kamardin, H. (2016). Company reporting transparency and firm performance in Nigeria. Asia Pacific Journal of Advanced Business and Social Studies, 2(2), 346-356.
Google Scholar
20
-
Ibanichuka, E. A. L., & Asukwo, I. S. (2018). International financial reporting standards adoption and financial performance of petroleum marketing entities in Nigeria. International Journal of Advanced Academic Research Accounting & Economic Development, 4(2), 1-15.
Google Scholar
21
-
Ironkwe, U. I., & Oglekwu, M. (2016). International financial reporting standards (IFRSs) and corporate performance of listed companies in Nigeria. International Institute of Academic Research and Development, 2(3), 1 -13.
Google Scholar
22
-
Yahaya, K. A., Fagbemi, T. O., & Oyeniyi, K. K. (2015). Effect of international financial reporting standards on the financial statements of Nigerian banks. Journal of Agricultural Economics, Environment and Social Sciences, 1(1), 18 –29.
Google Scholar
23
-
Mogudu, K. P., & Eboigbe, S. U. (2017). Corporate attributes and corporate disclosure level of listed companies in Nigeria: A post-IFRS adoption study. Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(2), 44-52.
Google Scholar
24
-
Owusu-Ansah, S. (1998). The impact of corporate attributes on the extent of mandatory disclosure and reporting by listed companies in Zimbabwe. The International Journal of Accounting, 33(5), 605-631.
Google Scholar
25
-
Umoren, A.O (2009) Accounting Disclosures and corporate Attributes: Evidence from Nigerian Stock Exchange. Unpublished Ph.D Thesis. Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria.
Google Scholar
26
-
Young, J. J. (2006). Making up users. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 31(6), 579-600.
Google Scholar
27
-
Cascino, S., Clatworthy, M., Osma, B. G., Gassen, J., Imam, S., & Jeanjean, T. (2013). The use of information by capital providers: Academic literature review. Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland and European Financial Reporting Advisory Group.
Google Scholar
28
-
Degeorge, F., Ding, Y., Jeanjean, T., & Stolowy, H. (2013). Analyst coverage, earnings management and financial development: An international study. Journal of Accounting & Public Policy, 32, 1-25.
Google Scholar
29
-
Devalle, A., & Rizzato, F. (2012). The quality of mandatory disclosure: the impairment of goodwill. An empirical analysis of European listed companies. Procedia Economics and Finance, 2, 101-108.
Google Scholar
30
-
Devalle, A., & Rizzato, F. (2013). The quality of disclosure in the annual report: Analysis of different approaches. Business Review: Advanced Applications, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 87-105.
Google Scholar
31
-
Chizea, J. J., & Isukul, A. C. (2018). A meta-analysis of corporate governance in a developing country. Journal of Economics and Business, 1(1), 83-99.
Google Scholar
32
-
Freeman, R. E. (2017). Five challenges to stakeholder theory: A report on research in progress. In D. M. Wasieleski, J. Weber (ed.) Stakeholder Management. Business and Society, 360(1). Emerald Publishing Limited (pp.1 – 20).
Google Scholar
33
-
Jandik, T., & McCumber, W. R. (2018). Creditor governance. Retrieved on January 31, 2019 from http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3209460.
Google Scholar
34
-
Aggarwal, R., Saffi, P., & Sturgess, J. (2015). The role of institutional investors in voting: Evidence from the securities lending market. Journal of Finance, 70(5), 2309-2346.
Google Scholar
35
-
McCahery, J. A., Sautner, Z., & Starks, L. T. (2016). Behind the scenes: The corporate governance preferences of institutional investors. The Journal of Finance, 71(6), 2905-2932.
Google Scholar
36
-
Rossouw, G. J. (2008). Balancing corporate and social interests: Corporate governance theory and practice. African Journal of Business Ethics, 3(1), 28-37.
Google Scholar
37
-
Sarkar, S. (2015). The comply-or-explain approach for enforcing governance norms. Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, 1-22.
Google Scholar
38
-
Millon, D. K. (2016). Enlightened shareholder value, social responsibility, and the redefinition of corporate purpose without law. Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2010-11. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1625750
Google Scholar
39
-
Porta, R., Lopez‐De‐Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (2000). Investor protection and corporate governance. Journal of Financial Economics, 58(1-2), 3-27.
Google Scholar
40
-
Porta, R., Lopez‐De‐Silanes, F., Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R. (2002). Investor protection and corporate valuation. The Journal of Finance, 57(3), 1147-1170.
Google Scholar
41
-
Freeman, R. E., & J. McVea. (2001). A stakeholder approach to strategic management. In M. Hitt, R. E. Freeman, & J. Harrison (Eds.), Handbook of strategic management, (pp. 189–207). Oxford: Blackwell.
Google Scholar
42
-
Lyons, S. (2011). Corporate oversight and stakeholder lines of defense. Conference Board, 365, 1-10.
Google Scholar
43
-
Hassan, O. A. G., Giorgioni, G., & Romilly, P. (2006). The extent of financial disclosure and its determinants in an emerging capital market: The case of Egypt. International Journal Accounting, Auditing and Performance Evaluation, 3(1), 41–67.
Google Scholar
44
-
Daske, H., & Gebhardt, G. (2006), International financial reporting standards and experts’ perceptions of disclosure quality. Abacus, 42(3-4), 461-498.
Google Scholar
45
-
Consoni, S., & Colauto, R. M. (2016). Voluntary disclosure in the context of convergence with International Accounting Standards in Brazil. Review of Business Management, 18(62), 658-677.
Google Scholar
46
-
Atu, O. G., Raphael, I. A., & Atu, O. O. K. (2016). Challenges of the implementation of IFRS in less developed and developing countries. Igbinedion University Journal of Accounting, 1(1), 1-26.
Google Scholar
47
-
Armstrong, C. S., Barth, M. E., Jagolinzer, A. D., & Riedl, E. J. (2010). Market reaction to the adoption of IFRS in Europe. The Accounting Review, 85(1), 31-61.
Google Scholar
48
-
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360.
Google Scholar
49
-
Eisenhardt, K. (1989). Agency theory: An assessment and review. The Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 57-74.
Google Scholar
50
-
Coase, R. H. (1937), The nature of the firm. Economica, 4(16), 386-405.
Google Scholar
51
-
Ittonen, K. (2010). A theoretical examination of the role of auditing and the relevance of audit reports. Proceedings of the University of Vaasa, Teaching Aid Series. Vaasa: Vaasan yliopisto. Retrieved on May 19, 2019 from www.uva.fi.
Google Scholar
52
-
Ross, S. A. (1973). The Economic Theory of Agency: The Principal's Problem. The American Economic Review, 63(2), 134-139. Retrieved April 14, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/1817064.
Google Scholar
53
-
Mitnick, B. M. (1975). The Theory of Agency: The Policing "Paradox" and Regulatory Behavior. Public Choice, 24, 27–42. Retrieved from www.jstor.org/stable/30022842.
Google Scholar
54
-
Fama, E., & Jensen, M. (1983). Separation of ownership and control. Journal of Law and Economics, 26(2), 301-25.
Google Scholar
55
-
Adams, M. (1994). Agency theory and the internal audit. Managerial Auditing Journal, 9(8), 8–12.
Google Scholar
56
-
Perrow, C. (1986). Economic theories of organization. Theory and Society, 15, 11–45.
Google Scholar
57
-
Donaldson, L. (1990). The ethereal hand: Organizational economics and management theory. Academy of Management Review, 15(3), 369–381.
Google Scholar
58
-
Wiseman, R., & Gomez-Mejia, L. (1998). A behavioral agency model of managerial risk taking. Academy of Management Review, 23(1), 133–153.
Google Scholar
59
-
Sanders, G. & Carpenter, M. (2003). A behavioral agency theory perspective on stock repurchase program announcements. Academy of Management Journal, 46(3), 160–178.
Google Scholar
60
-
Pepper, A., & Gore, J. (2012). Behavioral agency theory new foundations for theorizing about executive compensation. Journal of Management, 41(4), 1045–1068.
Google Scholar
61
-
Davis, J., Schoorman, F., & Donaldson, L. (1997). Toward a stewardship theory of management. Academy of Management Review, 22(1), 20-47.
Google Scholar
62
-
Spence, M. (1973). Job market signaling. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355–374.
Google Scholar
63
-
Spence, M. (2002). Signaling in retrospect and the informational structure of markets. American Economic Review, 92, 434-459.
Google Scholar
64
-
Ross, S. A. (1977). The determination of financial structure: The incentive signaling structure. Bell Journal of Economics, 8, 23-40.
Google Scholar
65
-
Verrecchia, R. E. (1983). Discretionary disclosure. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 5(3), 179–194.
Google Scholar
66
-
Connelly, B. L., Hoskisson, R. E., Tihanyi, L., & Certo, S. (2010). Ownership as a form of corporate governance. Journal of Management Studies, 47(8), 1561-1589.
Google Scholar
67
-
Akorsu, P. K. (2014). Testing the pecking order and signalling theories for financial institutions in Ghana. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(16), 77-83.
Google Scholar
68
-
Miglo, A. (2011). Trade-off, pecking order, signaling, and market timing Models. In H. K. Baker & G. S. Martin (Eds.), Capital structure and corporate financing decisions: Theory, evidence, and practice (pp. 171–191). Wiley and Sons, Ch. 10.
Google Scholar
69
-
Asquith, P., & Mullins, D. W. (1986). Signalling with dividends, stock repurchases, and equity issues. Financial Management, 15(3), 27-44.
Google Scholar
70
-
McNally, W. (1999). Open Market Stock Repurchase Signaling. Financial Management, 28(2), 55-67. Retrieved April 14, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/3666195.
Google Scholar
71
-
Reddy, K. S., Nangia, V. K., & Agrawal, R. (2013). Share repurchases, signalling effect and implications for corporate governance: Evidence from India. Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation, 9(1), 107-124.
Google Scholar
72
-
Watts, R. L. (1973). The information content of dividends. Journal of Business, 46(2), 191-211.
Google Scholar
73
-
Gonedes, J. (1978). Corporate signaling, external accounting, and capital market equilibrium: Evidence on dividends, income, and extraordinary items. Journal of Accounting Research, 16(1), 16-79.
Google Scholar
74
-
Stiglitz, J. E. (2002). Information and the change in the paradigm in economics. American Economic Review, 92, 460-501.
Google Scholar
75
-
Sanyaolu, W. A., Lawal, A. A., & Job-Olatunji, K. A. (2017). IFRS adoption and quality of financial statement: Perspective of auditors, chartered accountants and graduates of accounting. International Journal of Innovative Finance and Economics Research, 5(2), 1-10.
Google Scholar
76
-
Ilu, A. S., & Yunusa, I. (2018). Adoption of IFRS and financial statements effects: The perceived confidence of stakeholders in Nigerian money deposit banks. Journal of Accounting and Financial Management, 4(7), 1-8.
Google Scholar
77
-
Zaiyol, P. I., Andrew, E. A., & Udende, B. M. (2017). Impact of IFRS adoption on accountability of Nigerian organisations. Journal of Economics and Finance, 8(1), 60-72.
Google Scholar
78
-
Nwoye, U. J., Chidoziem, A.M., Obiorah, J. & Ekesiobi, C. (2017). Nigerian banks and global ranking: The IFRS compliance impact. The Nigerian Accountants, 50(2), 28-37.
Google Scholar
79
-
Adebisi, J, F., Otuagoma, F. O., & Abah, A. O. (2017). Effect of international financial reporting standards disclosure compliance on the quality of financial reporting of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Management Sciences, 6(1), 166-173.
Google Scholar
80
-
Eyenubo, S. A., Mohamed, M., & Ali, M. (2017). An empirical analysis on the financial reporting quality of the quoted firms in Nigeria: Does audit committee size matter? International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(9), 50-63.
Google Scholar
81
-
Kwaji, S. F., Ahmed, B. B., &Ishaya, J. D. (2017). Impact of mandatory information disclosure on compliance with CAMA 2004. Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2(5B), 568-577.
Google Scholar
82
-
Onuorah, A. C., & Imene, O. F. (2016). Corporate governance and financial reporting quality in selected Nigerian companies. International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration, 2(3), 7-16.
Google Scholar
83
-
Abata, M. A. (2015). Impact of IFRS on financial reporting practices in Nigeria (A case of KPMG). Global Journal of Contemporary Research in Accounting, Auditing and Business Ethics, 1(1), 263-281.
Google Scholar
84
-
Adetoso, J. A. (2014). Adoption and implementation of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) in Nigeria: Auditors perspectives. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 5(2), 108-112.
Google Scholar
85
-
Avgouleas, E. (2009). The global financial crisis and the disclosure paradigm in European financial regulation: The case for reform. European Company and Financial Law Review, 6(4), 440-475.
Google Scholar
86
-
Owolabi, S. O. (2018). Corporate governance and performance: A pathological exposition of Nigerian firms. Babcock University 21st Inaugural Lecture. Ilishan-Remo: Babcock University Press.
Google Scholar
87
-
Freeman, R. E. (2010). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Google Scholar
88
-
Porter, M. E. & Kramer, M. R. (2011). Creating shared value. Harvard Business Review, 89(1/2), 62–77.
Google Scholar
89
-
Bushman, R. M., Piotroski, J. D., & Smith, A. J. (2004) What determines corporate transparency? Journal of Accounting Research, 42(2), 207-252.
Google Scholar
90
-
Tadesse, S. A. (2006). The economic value of regulated disclosure: Evidence from the banking sector. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 25(1), 32-70.
Google Scholar
91
-
Healy, P. M., & Palepu, K. G. (2001). Information asymmetry, corporate disclosure, and the capital markets: A review of the empirical disclosure literature. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 31(1-3), 405-440.
Google Scholar
92
-
Yamene, T. (1973). Statistics: An introductory analysis. 3rd Edition, Harper and Row, New York.
Google Scholar
93
-
Siyanbola, T. T., Enyi, E. P., Adegbie, F. F., & Nwaobia, A. N. (2018). Mandatory disclosures and investment decisions in consumer goods sector of Nigerian economy. International Journal of Research & Methodology in Social Science, 4(3), 49-67.
Google Scholar
94
-
World Bank (2004). Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) in Nigeria, Accounting and Auditing. Retrieved on January 30, 2019 from http://www.worldbank.org/ifa/rosc_aa_nga.pdf.
Google Scholar
95